Original Research

Cultural adaptation and Northern Sotho translation of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers

Carlien Vorster, Alta Kritzinger, Matemane Lekganyane, Elsabe Taljard, Jeannie van der Linde
South African Journal of Childhood Education | Vol 12, No 1 | a968 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajce.v12i1.968 | © 2022 Carlien Vorster, Alta Kritzinger, Matemane Lekganyane, Elsabe Taljard, Jeannie van der Linde | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 18 December 2020 | Published: 13 January 2022

About the author(s)

Carlien Vorster, Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Alta Kritzinger, Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Matemane Lekganyane, Unit for Academic Literacy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Elsabe Taljard, Department of African Language, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Jeannie van der Linde, Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

Abstract

Background: In recent reviews of autism spectrum disorder screening tools, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/FTM) has been recommended for use in lower middle-income countries to promote earlier identification.

Aim: The study aim was to culturally adapt and translate the M-CHAT-R/FTM into Northern Sotho, a South African language.

Setting: An expert panel was purposively selected for the review and focus group discussion that was conducted within an academic context.

Method: The source translation (English) was reviewed by bilingual Northern Sotho-English speech-language therapists who made recommendations for cultural adaptation. A double translation method was used, followed by a multidisciplinary expert panel discussion and a self-completed questionnaire.

Results: Holistic review of test, additional remarks and grammar and phrasing were identified as the most prominent themes of the panel discussion, emphasising the equivalence of the target translation.

Conclusion: A South African culturally adapted English version of the M-CHAT-R/FTM is now available along with the preliminary Northern Sotho version of the M-CHAT-R/FTM. The two versions can now be confirmed by gathering empirical evidence of reliability and validity.


Keywords

autism screening test; cultural adaptation; test translation; Northern Sotho M-CHAT-R/FTM; South Africa; double translation method; test equivalence

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Crossref Citations

1. Reliability and Concurrent Validity of a Cultural Adaptation and Northern Sotho Translation of the M-CHAT-R/F
Carlien Vorster, Alta Kritzinger, Loina Coetser, Jeannie Van der Linde
Communication Disorders Quarterly  first page: 152574012311670  year: 2023  
doi: 10.1177/15257401231167084